I'm finding that Bondo fiberglass resin gel, which is thicker than regular fiberglass resin, sandwitched in with a couple of layers of fiberglass woven cloth, makes a great bedding material to fill in the gap between the barrel and the bed where I took a bit too much wood out.
I ws a bit shy on the hardener to give plenty of working time. It got "sort of hard", but not rock hard in about 45 minutes. Then I removed the barrel and removed the excess that oozed over the top with a rasp. It comes off in this state like clay. By morning it will be harder than the oak.
FYI, I taped up the lower part of the barrel as good as I could with thin plastic packing tape. Then I went over the tape and any surfaces that I missed with a cake of wax. The epoxy had only minor interest in sticking to the barrel when I decided it was time to pull it out. Don't leave it in there all night, as you risk not being able to get it out should there be a spot you missed with the wax.
I filled about 90% of the area needing to be filled on the first shot. I'll touch up a couple of spots I missed tomorrow.