The pipeline is an interesting dilemma. It is above ground, underground, crosses rivers and mountains. We discussed this on another forum two weeks ago. In the end I emailed the attorney in Anchorage for F&G to ask for a clarification. To paraphrase them: The pipeline is considered a drive-able surface. Henceforth it falls under the classification of a road. You can not shoot from it or across it. Technically, not even with a bow.
This makes sense as no one knows where the workers are or working. There are also monitoring connections, the pipeline itself and support buildings all along the route.
Up north, along the Haul Road is an archery only hunting area. So from the center of the pipeline out 5 miles you may not hunt with a firearm. You may also not use a motor vehicle to travel from the road out. (Some exceptions spelled out in the reg book in the units concerned.)
I hope this explains it clear enough. I know some may not want to hear it. In most cases though, I think whether or not you get fined is at the discretion of the officer.