The action/bolt is a 98 large ring Mauser. Styer made some of the best. It's a military configuration receiver, but many were reworked for civilian use both by individuals and various companies. I assume someone fitted the winchester barrel to it as part of its sporterizing, bent the bolt and added the adjustable trigger.
Is it really the extractor that's the problem, or is it the ejector? Does the round come out of the chamber when you pull the bolt back? If it's just the ejector, it's a <$10 part that's easy to install.
Exactly what does the receiver crest say on it? It looks like a beautiful rifle, and $200 was more than likely a very good price for it.