The single shot has a larger chamber. When you shot the round the brass expanded to about the same size as that chamber.
Then you full length resized it following die manufactures recommendations and now it won't work in another bolt action rifle which has a smaller chamber.
All chambers are somewhat different depending on several factors, and very few come close to being perfect.
The die manufactures recommendations are just that, and reloaded ammo needs to be tried in the firearm before cranking out a bunch of rounds. After all, the die only goes in or out.
By the way, did you find a good load for your .243?