Sometimes girdled trees don't die right off because there is enough sap in the roots to make it leaf out again. If it has an extensive root system, and takes a few years, the girdled trunk can heal itself if the girdle isn't wide enough. But girdling it makes it die from the roots up, since the nourishment can't go to the roots down through the girdled area. Also prevents it coming back from the roots. Girdling is sometimes done with a butcherknife or hacksaw to make a healable cut when trying to make a tree bear fruit. Since next season's blossom buds start growing shortly after blossom fall, such a girdle can be used to retain sap in the tree for bud development, after which it heals, sending sap to the roots.