Yes, at least in the newer non-rebated cylinder. I just loaded up & tested some 45 Schofields in my new 45 Blackhawk. I used 5.2 grains of Titegroup with a 250 grn Rainier plated bullet at a 1.43 col. The chrony averaged 725 fps in my 4 5/8" barrel. The cases all fit great in the cylinder. I now have 100 45 colt cases to load but plan to get a few more Schofield cases with the next order(Midway). These mild loads are for me & the buddies 'Judge'. There is a good article in the 2004 Hodgdon reloading manual about 45 colt & Schofield reloading.
You should be able to load the Schofield brass with your 45 colt dies. It works for me with the Lee dies anyway.