a 7-08 will certainly have no trouble taking a deer. i have a 15"er in stainless, and i like it a lot. recoil is no problem whatsoever, but if you've never shot a cartridge of this intensity out of a handgun, it may intimidate you at first. the muzzle will rise a little, but it is very controllable. my 7-08 will put 5 shots around an inch at 100 yards with h4895 and 120gr nosler balistic tips. i'm sure this is made easier with it's 3x12 burris scope mounted, but for a deer gun, it would be better served with the 2x7 burris. the 2x7 model has a wide(21'@100 on2x) field of view. i killed one deer last season with it. a small button buck at 250 yards. it worked great and the bullet did it's job. the deer stumbled around for,maybe 25-30 yards and fell. i had a perfect sandbag rest for the shot, and that made a long shot possible.
any of the ones you mention will work fine, and it's more a personal preference thing in my opinion. the 444marlin would be a good deer gun also, but i think you would have less range, and more recoil. i'd say the .308 would be really close to the 30-06 in handgun form also.
if you reload your own ammo, you wouldn't need a extra set of dies, since you already shoot it in a rifle.
i havn't shot the 06 in a handgun, but i doubt the recoil would be as severe as you might imagine. with a rifle, it punches into your shoulder, which leads to pain. the handgun will rise, and maybe do a slight twist, but no pain is involved.
these are just my thoughts and opinions. people are different, and some may percieve recoil differently.
this past season, i packed my G2 contender/30-30ackley improved outfit, so the 7-08 was sadly neglected. thats ok, i still like it, and maybe next season i'll use it more. can't pack them all with you, but i wish i could. :wink: