While it may be possible to do it by hand, to get a good clean chamber cut you may need to cut it deeper than the original chamber depth and set the barrel back one turn. My gunsmith related this to me about converting my 30-06 to AI. If you want more velocity getting a 6mm Rem chambered rifle would be less expensive. IMHO the single best gain converting a .243 to AI is less case growth and my RCBS X die takes care of that.