The 8x50R was adopted in 1886 for the Lebel rifle by France, it was only loaded with smokeless powder, making it the first smokeless powder rifle adopted by the military.
The 6.5x52 Carcano was used in the Ethiopian /Italian War from 1893-1896,it was a smokeless powder round.The Carcano was adopted in 1891.
Spain adopted the 7x57 Mauser in 1892.I believe the first combat the 7x57 saw,other than against rebels in Cuba was during the Spanish-American War in 1898.
At one time most of Europe and Asia were armed with rifles firing bottlenecked blackpowder cartridge rifles.
Bottlenecked blackpowder rounds were common in the latter 1800s,some of the renowned target cartridges in both Europe and the U.S.A. were such.Most of the blackpowder bottlenecked rounds had shoulder angles less than 10 degrees,the sharpest angle I have seen on a BP round was less than20 degrees.
I have never been able to achieve as good an accuracy with BP in bottlenecked cases as I can with smokeless.
I have no experience with the .416 Barnes,keep us posted if you try it.
WC