Sure there is. It just takes a practiced eye to spot the proportions!
The Remington 700 comes in long (.30-06 & belted magnum size) and the short (.308 Winchester size) versions.
Since the .30-06 and .308 Win cases differ by about 1/2", you look at the magazine well and visualize what the magazine box and trigger guard opening would look like with the magazine box in place.
If it looks way too long for the 3 inch long .308 Winchester cartridge (and the shorter .223, 22-250, .243 W, etc) it's the long action.
If it looks way to short to handle the .300 Winchester Magnum, .375 H&H, etc cartridges, its the short action.
Of course, a more precise way is measure the receiver mounting hole centers or the length of the tang to the front of the receiver ring. Look for inletting that fits the 700 tubular receiver. Sorry, but I don't have a 700 handy to check that for you.
Another way is to compare it to a stock inletted for the 98 mauser military. This is the "long action", of course.
