My first 11 deer were taken in the Adirondacks with a Winchester 32, which I guess is similar to a 30-30. It was my aunt's weapon of choice, with a flip-up peep sight on the tang. Nice gun, great for the close-in shots we got.
I went to a 30-06 because it was THE gun. I've taken a lot of deer with my 30-06 but the shots haven't changed - the deer could just as easily been taken with my aunt's 32. I changed, not the conditions.
Nice thing about the 30-06, I tell myself, is that if I do see a deer at a cutover in the woods, I can take it easier than with my 32. But you know what? I know that little gun pretty good, and I know the deer up here, and if I had to take a long shot, I know just how that shell is going to drop, so there wouldn't be a problem. And because I know the deer and where they go, I've never had to take a long shot.
So though I use a 30-06, I could just as easily be using that old 32.
I like guns, so I use different stuff. My aunt, though, took deer and bear with that 32, as underpowered as it seems today.