The .30-06 for Caribou is a fine choice, if you are going to use a 150 grn bullet make sure it is a premium controlled expansion type w/a proven track record, like the Nosler Partition, Swift A-frame, Win. Fail Safe, Barnes X triple shock, etc.
I've seen enough of the typical 'cup & core' design bullets fail on Black Bear, Caribou & Moose, from standard & magnum calibers, so I won't use/recommend them! I would rather have an off the rack $400 rifle of average accuracy & a box of ammo loaded w/premium bullets VS. a Custom $5000. rifle w/sub MOA accuracy & cheap ammo loaded w/'cup & core' bullets. The humane harvest & successful end to a hunt all depends on the projectile sent to do the job - buy the best!
I live & hunt in Alaska, in my .30-06 I use one bullet 180grn Nosler Partition for everything, from Sitka Deer up through Grizzly Bear.
Pick some good ammo / bullets, practice a lot from field shooting positions, and enjoy your Alaskan hunting experience!!
Good luck,
Del