Not sure what they used, but on my Swede Mauser sporter when I went to take off the standard Weaver bases in favor of Grand Slams, I was very, very afraid I was going to twist the screw apart. The thing wouldn't budge, and I ended up chewing up half the screw head before getting it to turn. I've never been happier to throw a screw away
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As to the original question, I've never had a real problem with aluminum mounts, bout on all but one of my rifles I've gone for steel (especially for anything that overhangs like an extension base). It might be a bit overkill, but I just trust the steel sitting up there a bit more. Then again, with the steel you do have to worry about rust, but there's always tradeoffs.