I'm not sure what the difference is with a 243 Improved but probably it's the shoulder angle. One thing for sure, the 243 Imp is not a standard factory cartridge. The 243 Win is a very accurate and reasonably powerful cartridge that was once a "wildcat" based on a necked down 308 case. It shoots a 6mm bullet with a weight range from 70 to 110 grains. Excellent for whitetail deer and smaller game.