I'm not a gunsmith, but it would require a complete re-design of the original Marlin, to the point that it would be easier and cheaper to start from scratch.
About the only close example I can think of is the older Remington's that were chambered for 5mm rimfire. When that ammo became unavailable, several gunsmiths converted them to a wildcat centerfire 5mm.
Those Remingtons were very strong ( for a rimfire ), and the conversions were quite spendy, as was the new ammo'/brass.
Then Centurian ammo became available in the 5mm rimfire.
Another example would be some of the falling-block single shots, that were originally in some obscure/ obsolete rimfire, being rebarreled or resleeved, and the firing pin relocated, etc., for low-pressure centerfire rounds. BUT, those were single shot, more simple designs...sort of like those, in reverse, who take a Ruger #1 and convert it from centerfire to rimfire.
Mark