I just bought a 7-30 barrel after about 6 years of handgun hunting with other calibers. Because of case restrictions, the 7-30 wasn't an option, but now I hunt in-state where there are no restrictions.
I think the 7-30 is just about an ideal medium game handgun cartridge from the ballistics standpoint. There's a wide variety of bullet weights and types available, case capacity provides good loading flexibility, the brass supply is cheap and practically unlimited, and yet the recoil is still manageable. And for non-handloaders there is some factory ammo available.
About the question of effective range, lot of cartridges are technically capable of 200+ yard shots, but that leaves out the most important part of the equation: How tight is the nut behind the stock? I.e. the guy pulling the trigger?
Closer is better, no matter what weapon you're using. I'm a quality deer management hunter and I don't like seeing longer-than-necessary shots because IMO for the average hunter, every extra yard increases the chances of a wounded deer instead of a dead deer. What I'm saying is that I feel handgun hunters need to practice and to carefully understand the limits of their gun/cartridge and their own shooting abilities and then stay within those limits when on the deer stand. I've even gone so far as to put up markers on some of our stands that present the opportunity for longer shots. It's just too easy for hunters who aren't familiar with the stand, to see a deer on the fenceline, get excited, and misjudge the distance. It takes many years for a trophy buck to develop and one bad shot means the coyotes and wolves get to enjoy the harvest instead of the hunter.
Grouse