Once read in a re-print of a Sharps catalogue in which Sharps Rifle Company claimed their tests indicated their factory shells could be reloaded 500 times. Well, since they threw down the gauntlet, I picked it up.
I took one Bell Basic Brass case and reloaded the Sharps .45-2.4" at the range with White powder (AKA smokeless), Black Powder, and Duplex. I carried preloaded plastic test tubes with powder, de- and recapped with my hand tool, and utilized a Lee press to seat the bullet. Cleaning out the BP fouling from the case and primer pocket with a brush and scrapper was bothersome.
After about a dozen plus trips to the range and on the 538th. reload, the old Bell case started a small split at the neck. If often wonder had I regularly annealed the case, how long would it have lasted??….
I think the key to brass longevity is keeping it clean and polished.