Sharps Nut,
I've had a couple very similar incidents happen to me with no apparent ill efffects to the rifle.
1. US Caliber .30 Carbine with overlength case fired with lead bullet. 1/8" of brass case extruded and appeared as brass "flashing" after the shot. Normally a long case will prevent bolt closure, but the shooter "slammed the bolt home a couple times to chamber the round. No apparent bore or chamber damage.
2. .223 Remington 55 grain reloads fired in a Ruger Mini-14. Long case necks. Case flashing fragments on case, with some fired with the bullet. No bore damage.
3. Pistol caliber (.357, .44 magnum, and .45 Colt carbines that fired and tore off the case mouth at the cannelure. Subsequent rounds fired normally with no bore damage.
Your soft lead bullet loads, and the very nature of those soft bullets probably helped prevent bore/chamber damage. True, chamber pressures probably increased, but not probably dangerously so. The torn-off case just acted like a bullet jacket and made it out of the barrel.
I've read that in the "good old days" this was a fairly common occurance, and torn-off case necks in BP calibers did no apparent harm unless the bore obstruction was serious. If you carefully slug and inspect the bore, you are likely to find no damage.
HTH
John