i'd personally take the .308 for game through the size of elk for shots out to 250 yds'. not because it's always a better caliber, but because it's got cheaper practice ammo (surplus), and match-grade projectiles -- if that ever matters. it'll have well-developed bullets for hunting -- just like the .270, but will not be as hard on a barrel -- if that matters. i believe in doing a lot of shooting when i can get to the range, and that makes the .308 a better candidate for me. however, the recoil of a .270 with a 130 gr' bullet is pretty light, in my opinion. that means that your shoulder (if not the rifle barrel) can stand to use up a lot of .270 ammo' from a bench.
there is one consideration here, however. the .270 will launch a very-heavy-for-caliber bullet better than the .308 will do it. you may have to look through a couple reloading manuals to prove that, but it's there. the .270 Win' has relatively high sectional density going for it....
take care,
ss'