I've shot a total of seven deer with a 30/06 before moving from upstate NY.
Four with factory Remington 180 gr RN bullets. All bullets exited and left good blood trails. Longest shot was 75 yds. One deer shot in neck, rest were heart/lung area.
One was shot with a 150 Nosler Partition handload, left a very small exit wound, but full penetration and good blood, lung shot. About a 50 yd shot.
Two with 150 gr Nosler solid base soft points, handloads. 10 and 20 yd shots both full penetration. One lung shot one heart shot.
How far away are the deer you've been shooting?
I can't imagine a 30/06 failing to penetrate with any good bullet of 150 gr or more at any reasonable range.
Don't overlook a 180 gr RN bullet if your going to be shooting at modest ranges.