True story:
My local gun club has open to the public sight-in days just before deer season, and I usually help out. One fellow shows up with his Uncles 30-30, and a couple of boxes of shells fresh from WalMart.
We start him at 50 yards, since he feels it will be close to sighted in already. He fires and nothing is on the paper, he tries again with the same results. I have him move to a different target that would allow more room up & down/side-side so we could maybe catch where this thing is. No joy.
We move him to 25 yards, and about 12" away from the bull, I see a hit. I tell him to shoot again, and another 12" away, I see another hole, this one is key-holed. I walk over and look at his Uncles 30-30... you guessed it 32WS. His story was his uncle told him it was a 30-30 and he didn't think twice about it - just went out and bought ammo.
The cases didn't split, but you would probably miss a deer as close as 25 yards away.
Take care,
Bob S.