If nothing else changed, but for the addition of the cap, then the cap would be a good guess as to the cause...
I have the same truck, 06 standard cab long bed with the 327 motor, auto tranny, and can baby 20mpg out of it on the highway. 17mpg or so is a more reasonable all around gas milage. I mostly use this truck to carry several heavy bikes in the bed, without much effect on fuel milage. Tow something though, and gas milage falls real quick like.
Larry