While viewing a map, you can indeed scroll around on the screen by using the arrow button that you use to move around in the menus. You can zoom in and out while you're scrolling around, too. You scroll around on the screen by moving a little diagonal arrow (like a computer mouse arrow). Whenever you position the arrow on a geographical structure (e.g. road, lake), the screen tells you what it is in the lower left corner.
In the lower right of the map screen, there's an interval bar showing the scale. It ranges from 10 feet to 500 miles. You get an outline of the United States on the 500 mile scale. The interval bar is about one fifth of the screen width.
With the aerial photo imagery, you can easily recognize types of terrain (forest, clearing, water, urban strips, etc) at 0.25 mile & 640 ft. scales. At 320 ft, you can discern individual buildings. The display starts to get blurry at 160 feet per interval. At 40 feet, the display is an indecipherable mosaic of big colored pixels.
You can hybridize the aerial maps to superimpose the Topo7 roads & contour lines onto the aerial display. (While viewing a map, push the MENU button > scroll down to Map Setup > Enter button for the map setup menu > scroll down to Show Hybrid Map > Check the box with the Enter button > back out to the map view by pushing the QUIT button until you get there.) These don't show up until the 640 foot scale. At the 320 foot scale, even more contour lines show up.
The Topo7 maps below the 0.25 mile scale start dropping important details (e.g. bodies of water! -- blub, blub if you're not paying attention). Roads and contour elevations do remain on the map, however. Everything disappears at the 20 foot scale.
I don't have any actual hiking experience with the USGS topographical or maritime maps. I would guess that since they're "imagery", they would behave in a similar fashion to the aerial photos. Maybe someone else has and will chime in.
When using the PN40, I usually operate at the 640 or 320 foot scale with the aerial photos, and 0.25 mile scale with the Topo7 maps.
As always, the above are my personal observations, and YMMV.