Regardless of what Browning intended, the military bought it and took it to war with the chamber empty. Soldiers did not carry it cocked and locked.
That said, the pistol was a not often used weapon compared to their main weapon, the M1. They were used more in close combat in World War I, but even then, they were not cocked and locked.
However, soldiers are not street people. We carry with instant access as a priority.
Before the old girl chimes asking about my research on combat carry by soldiers, I say it's common knowledge. I served when the .45 was still in use, years before the Beretta was adopted. I carried with an empty chamber, as per military rules.
You know what else? Most combatants didn't even have a sidearm.