Trace, we're limited here in Michigan to the use of furbearers only for bait. Beaver meat with a couple day taint works well, and muskrat works well also. Muskrat meat with a bit of ground castor seemed to be better than rat alone, and beaver meat with a bit of mink gland on it worked better than the meat alone. If you can get your hands on a road killed ferral cat, grab it and put it to use. I understand this bait really pulls them in, but wouldn't know first hand. Gophers will work as well, as I've used them without knowing they were'nt on the list of "furbearers". I simply froze them hole and pulled them out when ready to hit the line. I dap a bit of lure on their nose and drop them into a dirt hole. Worked ok, but nothing like the rat and beaver. The bottom line is I use very little bait and lean heavily towards lure at 90% of my sets. Powder river paste bait seemed to preform the best as far as commercial bait goes. As far as lure I basically use Lenon's, Forget's, and Carmens almost exclusively with a couple from Minnesota trap line products as well. They are all fine lures, and its my opinion that having several proven scents on the line can only help.
As far as carp go, I fish them in a river system using shredded wheat balled tightly around a #8 treble hook. Take the un-sweetened shreded wheat and wet it by dunking it in the water and leting it drain out well. Form the ball around the hook and you should be good to go. Lead size will be dependent on the current, and you need to run a slip weight up about 18" from the hook. I use an egg sinker so that when the carp hits he can free spool it without feeling the sinker. If they are finiky, you can add a couple drops of cod liver oil to the ball and this will really pull them in. The water I fish is only 3-5' deep, so I can see the ball of wheat sitting on bottom and like watching the big carp come up and vaccuum the ball into their mouth. Its amazing that sometimes they do this with very little movement on the rod tip. When you can see the hit, i think you're at an extreme advantage, but if you can't you'll still connect with as many as you need so long as you have a good population. I've also seen a couple fellows using 3-5 kernells of corn on a hook, and doing prety well.
Good luck~