One of the posts was talking about a good source of heavy wall tube for cannon barrels. I have built a couple guns out of hydraulic cylinder tube, it comes with the I.D. Honed to a miror finish. It is available in various alloys, some of it is 4130 or 4140 which is a good gun steel. I just picked up a peice of 3" ID 5-1/2" OD, it was a left over almost 4' long, got it for $20.
Keep in mind that if you plan to do any welding especially a welded breech plug to use the appropriate filler material and process for the type of steel you are working with. 4130/4140 require preheat as well as post weld stress releif for maximum strength. I do not weld trunions to the barrel itself as this will cause distortion of the bore, I machine a sleeve that the trunions weld to, after welding the sleeve is bored to shrink fit on the barrel.
Have fun, Mike C