Obturation means 'to close or block up' or to seal the breech.
The design should be such that it seals completely - to eliminate the possibility of corrosion in later years causing cracks in the tube.
How to do it?
One method is to have the breechplug fit with a 'crush-fit' that seals most completely and permanently.
Of recent I took apart a 20" long .50 caliber model cannon and removed the breech plug.
It was interesting to see the COPPER DISK used to seal the bore.
Threads were 1" max diameter and 8 TPI, the copper disk of 3/4" diameter and extended about .100" past the steel.
The cast balls are .498 and 12ga.
Breechplug
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Obdurating disk
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